The Digitalization of Recycling: Promoting a Circular Economy with IoT.

The Digitalization of Recycling: Promoting a Circular Economy with IoT.

Optimizing Recycling With Dual-Frequency Technology

Field Story | Interview

EM Microelectronic · November 07, 2024 · 6 min
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What to expect

The concept of recycling is an important part of regulatory sustainability frameworks that aim to promote a circular economy. A combination of wireless IoT technologies like Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Near-Field Communication (NFC), and QR codes are being used to facilitate the recycling process of a wide range of products, including batteries, electronics, and furniture.

In an interview with the Think WIOT Group, Pierre Muller, RFID Business Unit Manager at EM Microelectronic, provides insights into the digitalization of recycling, and the connection with dual-frequency technology.

Combining Wireless Technologies

1. What is the impact and importance of combining NFC and RFID?

RAIN RFID and NFC technologies have distinct advantages that complement each other. While RAIN is the technology of choice for supply chain and inventory management due to its long read range and efficiency, NFC enhances customer interaction via smartphone and offers privacy and security benefits.

RAIN RFID has been instrumental in enabling today’s modern merchandise visibility. It has also been encouraged by European regulation, which is based on the principle that not only must the supply chain keep track of everything, but that customers must also have access to all this information about the product they purchase.

This requires that the relevant data is readily available and easily accessible. By combining RAIN and NFC technologies, we can create a fully circular product lifecycle that enables effective tracking and data access through both interfaces – no other single technology currently meets all of these requirements at once.

One of the primary goals of the Digital Product Passport regulation is to promote consumer confidence. Our em|echo-V product provides a state-of-the-art authentication mechanism for brand protection that is light years ahead of anything QR codes can offer.

This allows companies to maximize their return on investment around the Digital Product Passport (DPP) by providing product authentication services to their customers. As a result, brands can increase customer trust and loyalty – fundamental pillars of a circular economy and essential to the EU’s Green Deal regulations.

This is significant for retail applications, but becomes critical for healthcare and pharmaceuticals, where the need for anti-counterfeiting solutions is paramount.

The EU Digital Product Passport

  • Digital record of product information
  • Proposed by the EU as part of the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR)
  • Goal: Product transparency for all supply chain stakeholders
  • ESPR took effect on July 18th 2024
  • Planned to be mandatory by 2027

Recycling with IoT

2. What will the future of recycling look like?

The future of recycling lies in automation, with wireless technologies playing a crucial role in this evolution Just as supply chain management has evolved through technological advancements, the recycling industry is set to undergo a similar revolution. DPP will bring essential data to recyclers who will be able to optimize their operations and efficiently separates the products into higher value materials.

At ecosystem level, enhanced transparency and availability of data will enable optimization of product design, promoting better sustainability and recycling practices. This approach will lead to a deeper understanding of challenges and opportunities for improvement, ultimately driving the circulator economy forward.

EM Microelectronic

  • An RFID semiconductor manufacturer
  • Customers: Companies worldwide
  • Products: BLE, RFID circuits, smart card ICs, microcontrollers, sensor and optoelectronic ICs, and more
  • Solutions: Logistics, security, access control, animal identification, consumer markets, automotive, and more

Unique Product Data: A key to Sustainability

A digital product code, or ID, accompanies a product from production through its entire lifecycle. This unique identifier provides recyclers with critical information about the raw material composition of the product or packaging. As a result, recyclers can more efficiently organize and sort recyclable materials and make informed decisions about the suitability of items for recycling, reuse or disposal.

“Having a unique product code is not only beneficial – it is essential to promoting sustainability and advancing a circular economy. In the coming years, these codes will become mandatory, ensuring that each product is tracked and managed responsibly throughout its lifecycle. By facilitating better sorting and processing, digital product IDs pave the way for more effective recycling practices, ultimately reducing waste and conserving valuable resources.”
Pierre Muller, EM Microelectronic

Pierre Muller – RFID Business Unit Manager, EM Microelectronic

Future Outlook

3. What other developments do you see in combining IoT technologies?

Looking ahead, the next wave of innovation in IoT technologies will focus on seamlessly embedding them into everyday products so that they can accompany them from cradle to grave. This will be achieved by improving performance and miniaturizing antenna and tag designs to the point where tags are invisible in the product and cannot be removed. These advances will enable further integration of these technologies into manufacturing processes and business operations, similar to what RAIN RFID has done with source tagging.

An exciting area of exploration is combining our dual-frequency architecture with sensors to provide brands and consumers with more information about the product and its environment.

4. Let’s talk about the digital product ID. What solutions do you see here?

A unique digital product ID is essential for accessing product information and making better decisions throughout the product lifecycle. Currently, no single technology is a perfect fit and can meet all requirements. Instead, a combination of technologies will likely be needed to maximize the benefits of existing systems.

For example, QR codes offer a low-cost solution and have been widely adopted across industries. However, they are not a panacea; while they are useful for certain applications, they may fall short in others. They are easily copied, are subject to physical degradation of the substrate, and cannot guarantee date integrity through the end of the product life cycle.

In addition, the need for direct line-of-sight reading makes batch processing impossible. RAIN RFID technology plays an important role in optimizing supply chain management, enabling long-range tracking and improved inventory efficiency.

Near Field Communication (NFC), on the other hand, is ideal for improving customer interaction, enabling consumers to access product information and engage directly with brands. We’re all used to touching our phones to pay, to take the metro, to open doors – what’s more natural than touching the product to interact with it: to access environmental information, but also care and recycling instructions, or even as a bridge to a secondary market portal for resale… all while guaranteeing the integrity of authenticity information and preventing grey market – the possibilities are endless!

Pierre Muller

  • Pierre Muller is currently active as the RFID Business Unit Manager at EM Microelectronic. His responsibilities include technical development and product strategies for LP, UHF, and dual-frequency RFID product lines.
  • He also has management and leadership responsibilities for multi-site teams across several continents.

5. How could this impact the future of recycling?

The development of digital product identification is poised to revolutionize the recycling industry by driving greater automation. Today’s wireless technologies bring significant benefits to supply chain management, increasing both efficiency and accuracy through robust track and trace capabilities. By tracking products throughout their lifecycle – from manufacturing to recycling – stakeholders can gain valuable insight into material composition and recovery options.

While recycling presents its own unique challenges, the integration of digital product identification will enable recyclers to harness these benefits for their specific needs. By streamlining processes and increasing data accessibility, these companies can optimize operations, improve sorting accuracy and increase the overall effectiveness of recycling efforts.

As the industry evolves, digital product identification is expected to play a critical role in fostering a more efficient and sustainable recycling ecosystem.

IoT Becomes Mainstream

“We are excited to announce the upcoming launch of our new product, the echo-I—the first Gen2v3 product on the market! This cutting-edge solution brings together the power of RFID and NFC with a large memory capacity, making it perfect for industrial and maintenance-based applications, railroads, and the construction industry. We are confident that the combination of RFID and NFC technologies will become the go-to solution, transforming how industries manage product information and optimize their operations.”
Pierre Muller, EM Microelectronic

Pierre Muller – RFID Business Unit Manager, EM Microelectronic

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